This is The Founders' List - audio versions of essays from technology’s most important leaders, selected by the founder community. This essay was written and published on Oct 2, 2018 by Julie Zhuo, Former VP Product Design at Facebook & Co-Founder of Inspirit. Read the full article on Medium here: https://medium.com/the-year-of-the-looking-glass/how-to-be-strategic-f6630a44f86b
So you might have heard that the more you progress in your career, the more “strategic” you should aim to be. WTF does that mean?
Here is what I used to think “being strategic” meant:
As a result, I tried to do as many of the above as I could. I brainstormed! I wrote epic, sweeping docs! I familiarized myself with the language of KPIs and measurements. *check, check, check* went the boxes. See how well I was strategizing?
Unfortunately, as it turns out, I was doing the equivalent of strumming a guitar and assuming I was making music. The core problem was that I didn’t really understand what strategy was. Nobody had ever explained it to me. I figured “being strategic” was just engaging in high-level product discussions.
If you find yourself in the same boat, this note is for you.
Basically, a strategy is a set of actions designed to achieve a particular objective. It’s like a route designed to get you from Point A to Point B. A more interesting question is “what makes for a good strategy?” And for that, I subscribe to Richard Rumelt’s definition: a good strategy is a set of actions that is credible, coherent and focused on overcoming the biggest hurdle(s) in achieving a particular objective.
Let’s break that down:
Given the above definitions, let’s look back at my original list of “strategic” actions:
Okay great, you say. Nice definitions. But the question still remains: what should I do if I want to be strategic?
Here is the secret sauce: do more of the following three tasks.
This is self-explanatory, but hard to do in practice. As a litmus test, ask yourself this: Imagine your team is wildly successful in 3 years. What does that look like? Write down your answer. Now, turn to your neighbor and ask him or her the same question. When you compare your answers, how similar or different are they?
They shouldn’t be different. You both work on the same team.
And yet, there are plenty of reasons they might be different. You might care about multiple outcomes. You might track many goals. Which ones matter the most? What happens if they trade off against each other? And how does the success of your organization’s mission, or the success of your business factor in? If the answer isn’t clear to all the members on your team, there’s work to do.
Imagine, for kicks, that you’re looking to “transform the future of transportation.” What should you do?
If your instinct is to start throwing out ideas — Flying cars! Ubers with Eames chairs! Hyperloop to LA in 2.2! — compose yourself.
Do you know what the problems are with transportation today?
Maybe you do. It isn’t hard to come up with a list, as there are a lot of problems. Traffic! Affordability! Safety! Pollution! Boredom! etc.
Now here’s the hard part: what is the relative importance of each of those problems? Which ones matter a lot, and which matter a little? For whom do these problems matter? This leads us to the next few sub-bullets:
When in doubt about the above, remember the wise words of Sun Tzu. (Substitute “enemy” for “problem.”)
If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles. If you know yourself but not the enemy, for every victory gained you will also suffer a defeat. If you know neither the enemy nor yourself, you will succumb in every battle. — The Art of War
Prioritizing is super hard because most of us hate saying no.
Imagine this scenario: A and B are debating which features to include in the next product launch. A thinks doing X is the most important while B disagrees and wants to do Y. What’s the easy out? Doing both X and Y, of course. No one’s feelings get hurt. We get our cake and eat it too!
Except no. Time, energy, and attention are not free. Remember how a good strategy is focused? Focus is a strategic advantage that lets you move faster on what matters most. That’s why a tiny start-up with dozens of employees can win against a company of hundreds or thousands. The more your plans get watered down trying to do lots of things, the less likely you are to have a competitive advantage. Either X is more important, or Y is.
If you can’t figure it out, go back and do more research to better understand the problem. The question to ask isn’t: “What more can we do to win?” or “How can we make sure none of the things we’re juggling are failing?” Instead, ask “What are the 1, 2, or 3 most important things we must do, and how can we ensure those go spectacularly?”
I tell my team that when the discussion becomes “should we ship this mediocre thing, or should we spend additional time that we don’t have to make it better?” the battle has already been lost. The thing we failed to do weeks or months ago was cutting aggressively enough. Either this thing matters, in which case make it great — don’t make it mediocre. Or it doesn’t, in which case, don’t work on it in the first place.
“People think focus means saying yes to the thing you’ve got to focus on. But that’s not what it means at all. It means saying no to the hundred other good ideas that there are. You have to pick carefully. I’m actually as proud of the things we haven’t done as the things I have done. Innovation is saying no to 1,000 things.” — Steve Jobs
If you’re interested in reading more about the topic, I highly recommend Richard Rumelt’s book Good Strategy, Bad Strategy. Tons of great examples from the military and corporate world.
Happy strategizing!